Why it matters

Root-knot nematodes are microscopic parasites that attack plant roots, causing invisible but serious yield losses in soybean production. In South Africa, especially under dryland conditions, these pests often go unnoticed and unmanaged. This leads to poor root development, stunted growth and lower yields.

This project addresses a critical knowledge gap by studying the distribution and impact of root-knot nematodes in soybean fields managed by black commercial farmers. The aim is to develop practical, cost-effective ways to diagnose and manage these pests so that farmers can protect their crops and improve production.

Research approach

The research team works closely with farmers in Mpumalanga, North-West and Gauteng to monitor nematode infestations and evaluate control strategies. Key activities include:

Sampling soybean roots and soils from multiple farms

Identifying and quantifying nematode species present, with a focus on Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica

Testing the effectiveness of seed-applied nematicides in field trials

Evaluating how different seed treatments affect root galling, nematode population levels and yield outcomes

Building awareness among farmers about nematode risks and how to spot early signs

The project also explores non-chemical options, including the role of cover crops and crop rotation in reducing nematode pressure over time.

Research impact to farmers

• This project helps farmers to:
• Detect and diagnose nematode problems early, even when there are no visible symptoms above ground
• Make informed decisions about using seed treatments and choosing suitable products
• Understand the long-term value of healthy root systems for stable yields
• Reduce hidden losses caused by nematodes and improve overall crop profitability
• The work is particularly valuable for black commercial farmers, who often operate under more resource-limited conditions and face greater production risks.

Collaborators and Research leads

• Principal investigator Dr Nancy Ntidi – ARC Grain Crops Institute
• Collaborating Institutions
• ARC-PHP
• ARC-TSC
• ARC-INFRUTECARC Grain Crops Institute